Listen Up Cabin Crew Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Listen Up Cabin Crew - Essay Example He breaks down the communication process in understandable segments: Overconfidence, Social norms in the cabin, and Repetition. Then, related to Behavior, he cites the attitudes, expected norms of behavior, and perceived behavioral control, repetition, and confusion between repetition and recall. For an article of less than 800 words that is a review of a 91 page manual of extensive research, Darby has done a very good job. He has given enough details to the categories and information, condensing the information so that it is quickly learned. He cited his sources, focusing mainly on Azjen's research. The way he cites the categories is organized and easily understandable. If one wanted to know the basics of the ATSB's manual, this is a quick readable resource. The attached questionnaires in the ATSB's manual were used in the research for the compilation of data. This is mentioned also in Darby's article. He selected main topics and used those, mentioning the research that was available and used. Completely left out of any research questionnaire were anything asked of the cabin crew. As mentioned previously, the research and experts used are excellent examples of the type of information to bring confidence to the reader. The information is logical and follows sequential thinking. There are no seen errors in the structure of the thought process. If there are any biases perceived in this article, it has to do with a prejudice against passengers. However, that is stated in the beginning because that is the focus of the article-attempting to understand why passengers do not pay enough attention to the instructions given by the cabin crew. This seems to enhance the writer's credibility because it is stated in the beginning and is cited from the manual. My personal reaction to this is positive because it enhances my belief that passengers need more awareness of safety procedures on all flights and we need to do our best to continually make them aware of the rules and procedures. Darby presents an excellent behavioral view of this problem, but he does not address the emotional content to any large extent. However, neither does the ATSB manual. It only discusses the behavioral. Whether it would be helpful to discuss the emotional or not would really depend on the reaction of the passenger to any type of emergency situation and how the cabin crew would handle it. The cabin crew could be trained to understand the emotional problems associated with passengers. That training would then reflect in how they work with the passengers once inside the cabin. There are many more cited documents in the original ATSB document than what Darby used or was able to use in his article. Also not explained was the perception passengers have of the flight attendants and the difference of perception between shorter flights and longer ones. The trust level is addressed in the ATSB report, but not mentioned in Darby's article. It is my view that the article is quite valid and dependable. Whether Darby had a word length limit probably had something to do with the amount of information he was able to compile in the amount of allocated space. Had he had more space he could have included more about the research of the passengers, the reactions they have to the brochures in the seat pockets, and how much attention they actually pay to the emergency procedures. The statistics in the original manual by

Online Vs. Classroom Instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Online Vs. Classroom Instruction - Essay Example Aspects of the text that the author discusses that are risky are looking at two different types of being a student. Online learning can be controversial because some people may think it is not the same as earning a real degree and think the classroom requires more hands-on work. She takes a stance against online learning and uses a source to stand behind her thoughts saying that online classes keep students away from interacting with both fellow students and their professors, making it harder to work on group projects and getting support from peers and instructors. While Morgan is making this comparison, it is hard to know where she is coming from. While it states at the bottom her author biography, it does tell that she has earned a degree. It makes me curious what her education was like. Does she really know what it is like to be in both types of classrooms? Has she ever taken an online class? If she has not, then that does not really give her any credibility behind her argument. People that have taken classes under both circumstances are the people that really can give their true opinion on which is more effective and it also depends on a person’s learning style. One of the risks she takes in writing this is that her credibility is really at stake. If someone were to dig in her background on this opinion piece, it might be discovered that she only took structured classes within a classroom. However, she might also have been a student that only earned her education from a university such as University of Phoenix which is strictly online. No one really knows who she is which makes it difficult to know how she developed her opinions. There are many factors that could determine if online education or traditional structured classroom education is best and these are some topics that the author did not necessarily address. She might be a person who is middle-aged and never had the option to take an online class. This

Teaching Philosophy Via the Internet Essay -- Technology Education Lea

I defend the practical value of teaching undergraduate philosophy courses in the Internet. Three important objectives of philosophical education can be achieved as effectively by electronic means as in the classroom. First, information about the philosophical tradition can be conveyed by hypertext documents on the World-Wide Web. Second, philosophical dialogue can be conducted through participation in an electronic forum. Third, close supervision of student writing can be achieved by means of e-mail submission of written assignments. In each case, I argue that the electronic method offers significant advantages to student learning. Many of the colleagues who discover that I have begun offering philosophy courses over the Internet express a similar set of reservations. Although they often grant that this must be an interesting project and sometimes admit that it may turn out to be worthwhile, they are uniformly skeptical about the prospect for its success. Accustomed as we have become to face-to-face interaction between instructor and student in the classroom, we find it difficult to imagine teaching philosophy in any other way. Thus, the introduction of alternative methods is often greeted with a suspicion that "this may be true in theory but does not apply to practice." With respect to use of the Internet to teach philosophy, this paper will allay that suspicion. In what follows, I identify three important objectives of philosophical education and show how each of them can be achieved while relying exclusively upon electronic communication. Indeed, in each case I argue that appropriate use of Internet resources provides clear advantages over the methods employed in a traditional classroom. Teaching philosophy on the Intern... ...ted is well-spent, since it results in important educational benefits for the students who participate. In addition, teaching on the Internet can make philosophy instruction available to many people who might otherwise lack an opportunity to acquire it. Those with impaired mobility, vision, or hearing can take advantage of electronically-mediated accommodations in order to participate in the educational process alongside those who do not face similar obstacles. Those whose geographical location or employment schedule prevents easy access to a traditional college classroom can join in a well-designed on-line course whenever it is convenient and wherever they are. In keeping with the theme of this Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy, teaching philosophy on the Internet will significantly contribute to the achievement of our goal of philosophy educating humanity.

Military Essay

With over 12 years of civilian government, can anyone point to any tangible or credible development in our nation apart from the over inflated GSM services which was done by the Obasanjo government and only one or two state governors performing above par. The rest are just useless, this has been the case with every democratic dispensation right from the first republic. The first republic was slightly better, save some regions. The second, third and the current crops are blatant real thieves in agbada and babariga. Shame on the lot of them. I prefer the military as least we know where we stand and how far we can misbehave. Most infrastructural developments in the country where done under the military regime e.g. – the famous lagos-ibadan expressway – Gowon, the plan was to make that expressway all the way to ilorin. – lagos international airport (known now as MMIA) – Gowon – building of oil refineries – Gowon – 3rd Mainland bridge – Babangida – effective law & order – Buhari – dealing with foreign companies (e.g British Airways) – Abacha – plain level exchange rate – Abacha – festac nigeria – Obasanjo -operation feed the nation – Obasanjo The list is endless, but our civilian governments have been just too merciless, taking jumbo pays and doing absolutely nothing. Someone can help us check, how many bills were passed last year, instead they are always eager or will fight if their allowances are being debated Unfortunately and this is sad, we in Nigeria are not yet ripe or intellectuall y developed to operate a democratic government What is needed is a real tough no nonsense military ruler, who specialises in kicking backsides

Coca-Cola Great Britain Industry Analysis - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2895 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Research paper Level High school Did you like this example? Coca-Cola, Great Britain Industry Analysis Summary The following is a survey of the soft drink industry from the perspective of the company Coca-Cola, Great Britain outlining the various industry environment forces and competition climate. It evaluates the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s capacity in term of its competitiveness and competencies, and offers some recommendation for medium-long term strategies. Table of Content Company Background Coca Cola, Great Britain (CCGB) Soft Drink Industry and Key strategic Issues EPISTLE Analysis Environmental impacts Psychological impacts Institutional Political impacts Social impacts Technological impacts Legal impacts Economic impacts Porters Five Forces Rivalry Threats of substitutes Buyers power Threats of entry Suppliers power Evaluation Analysis of Key Activities Competencies and competitiveness Comparisons Positioning Critical Success Factors Recom mendations References Appendices Invented on 8th May 1886 by Dr. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Coca-Cola: Great Britain Industry Analysis" essay for you Create order John Styth Pemberton in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, Coca-Colas inventor did not realize the name Coca-Cola would one day take over the world by storm. Coca-Cola was sold as soda fountain in Jacobs Pharmacy in Atlanta with annual rate of sales amounting to $50 compared to todays average consumption rate of more than one billion drinks per day in 200 countries. Thus Coca-Cola had a humble beginning but robust current success (Canadean 2004). Coca-Cola first came to the United Kingdom in 1900 when Charles Candler brought the syrup on a visit to London. Soon the UK also began regular soda fountain sales at various locations including Selfridges and The London Coliseum. More than a century later, Coca-Cola is still celebrated as a historic favourite soft drink in the UK endorsed by public, celebrities and athletes alike (Canadean 2004). With the acquisition of Cadbury Schweppes plc in 1999, Coca-Cola has increased its product range in Britain and elsewhere to include Coca-Cola, Diet Coke , Coca-Cola Cherry, Fanta, Sprite, Lilt and Five Alive as well as Dr. Pepper, Oasis, Kia-Ora and Malvern water to name a few. The Coca-Cola brand thus became the focus for CCGBs operations for product innovation, business efficiency and future development as it increased diversification and niche markets for the health conscious groups and athletes (Canadean 2004). In 2004, Coca-Colas market share in the carbonated soft drinks category in the UK had been 45.3 percent while in the non-alcoholic beverages it has a share of 9.9 percent (Canadean 2004). The company in the UK operate at two levels: Coca-Cola Great Britain (CCGB) is the marketer for The Coca-Cola Company brand to consumers and to protect its trade marks in the UK. On the other hand, the operational level is handled by Coca-Cola Enterprises Ltd. which is the local bottler responsible for the manufacturing, distribution, sales and trade marketing of CCGB. These two partnering organizations is a system which has been c reated to further the companys strategy locally in the UK along with its 5000 employees in Great Britain (CCGB Website 2005). The food and drink manufacturing industry in the UK has a turnover of  £66bn, accounting for 14.8 percent of the total manufacturing sector. It employs some 500,000 people which represent 13.7 percent of the manufacturing workforce in the UK. Exports in 2004 account for  £9.7bn while imports came to about  £21.9bn. It is the largest spending category among industries whereby consumerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s expenditure in food and drink came to  £147.7bn. In 2003-4 the average gross weekly household income had been  £570 out of which  £418 had been the average household expenditure. Of this  £43.50 was on food and non-alcoholic drinks (Food and Drink Federation 2005). More narrowly, soft drink consumption in 2004 account for sales of  £11 billion out of which  £1.6 billion had been VAT revenues. The soft drinks industry employs about 20,000 people. Consumption average per person in the UK during 2004 had been 229 litres. According to the British Soft Drink Association the average has fallen from 96 litres per head to 82 litres since 1984 due to the rise in demand for bottled water and low calorie drinks. (Euromonitor Report 2004). According to a Euromonitor report on soft drink industry, 2004 had been a year categorized by rising interest rates, reduced sales, and decreased optimism from the consumers. Manufacturers in an attempt to salvage their performance increased spending in promotions, sponsorship and discounted products. One of the reasons for the decreased sales in soft drinks had been perhaps due to the fear of child and adult obesity in the UK forcing many consumers to forego their regular sugar carbonates in-take and instead opts for diet carbonates, fruit juices and bottled water. Soft drink manufacturers continue to create variety in the diet category so as to offer to this niche market. Alternatively, the sports or energy drinks category have also increased in its popularity due to the special events such as Euro 2004, Wimbledon and Olympics. These events helped marketers to exploit opportunities in salvaging their sales levels which they have managed to secure functional drinks market of about 83 percent in 2004. This niche market along with the diet market seem to have gained support from consumers as there is a growing number of sports drinks available in vending machines along with diet drinks (Euromonitor Report 2004; British Soft Drink Association 2005). As a mature demand market, soft drinks are lagging in innovation and brand categories as opposed to other industries. The mature product types have concentrated on brand extension whereas consumers are looking for innovations so that they can have more products to choose from. Nevertheless, the soft drinks industry is considered to be one of the most successful despite its temporary downturn. The future is inherent in product category like fruit/vegetable juices which has grown 4 percent in 2004 as opposed to bottled water by 9 percent and carbonates 3 percent. Health consciousness will drive consumers to more healthy options which create more opportunities for the soft drinks players (Euromonitor Report 2004; British Soft Drink Association 2005) Environmental impacts The soft drinks industry in the previous years has experienced a decrease in sales growth due to the adverse effects of the natural environment. Bad weather experiences as well as global climate changes have had a great impact on the local consumers. Summer sales have not increased due to decreased sunny days, a factor critical for an industry which relies on seasonal sales. For the year 2001 for example, industry saw a decrease in consumption level in the UK (Britvic Soft Drink Category Report 2003). The British Soft Drinks Association (2005) has also predicted that the climate change would continue to impact industries as far as 2010. Psychological impacts Recent debates on public health have given rise to the fear of obesity among children and adults especially women. This has given rise to a change in the perception of consumers that soft drinks with high sugar content is harmful for health forcing many to eliminate soft drinks from their average in-take and some turning to fruit juices, diet drinks and bottled water. This psychological fear has given rise to a new trend in the industry. According to Christopher Banks President of British Soft Drinks Association, Over the past twenty years, while overall consumption of soft drinks has risen by 129 percent, the total added sugar content of those drinks has barely increased at all. Growth in diet drinks, demand for low calories, no added sugar drinks, and bottled waters thus have replaced the growth of normal soft drinks (British Soft Drinks Association 2005). Institutional Political impacts The government in the interest of the consumers have enforced stricter regulations on soft drinks industry. Accurate and meaningful labelling information to construct a balanced diet has been mandated. Information such as nutrients, calories and health values allow consumers to have better choices in constructing a balanced diet. Association and exports to the European Union have also subjected the industry to restrictive approaches to nutrition and health claims in foodstuffs by manufacturers (British Soft Drinks Association 2005). Social impacts The UK society as discussed earlier is undergoing a social change as more and more consumers are becoming health conscious, shopping only for healthy options and disregarding those that might contribute to an unbalanced diet. This wave of social change is expected to have a greater impact on the kind of products soft drinks manufacturer sells in the coming years. Technological impacts Mandates from the EU and the British government to reduce pollution in manufacturing processes have forced many soft drinks companies to watch their CO2 emissions quota so as to sustain the greenhouse effect within their operating environment. Consequently, firms are trying to focus on sustainable strategies and technologies that support this regulation. Apart from that the government have also developed a movement for improving the skills and productivity levels of those working in the industry to support superior service and sustain competition (British Soft Drinks Association 2005). Legal impacts Apart from the mandates from the UK government and EU for green environment, it has also been observed that the industry is also affected by the new law Part III of the Disability Discrimination Act enforced in October 2004 (British Soft Drinks Association 2005). According to this law all service providers in the private, public and voluntary sectors must comply with the industry guidelines for vending machines to meet the specifications of the Act (British Soft Drink Association 2005). Economic impacts At the present the soft drink industry is highly sensitive to the environmental changes but this would also have a negative economic impact on the industry as companies in the industry are forced to reduce their production of normal colas and concentrate on alternatives to compete with consumer spending share. Rivalry There is intense competition among the top soft drinks companies which compete at all levels such as pricing, product categories, supply chain, locality for distribution as well as substitutes. Furthermore, rivalry also stem from new entrants which create a highly competitive environment for operation. Threats of substitutes The soft drinks industry is a mature industry that is categorized by strong growth rates at over 5 percent in value, and it is constantly changing as consumer behaviour changes. Consumers today readily substitute soft carbonated drinks for healthier alternatives like bottled waters, fresh juices from fruits and vegetables and hot drinks etc. Companies within the industry have to keep up with these changing tastes (Britvic Soft Drink Category Report 2003). Buyers power As a result consumers have a high buying power over the sellers. They are the price dictators who demand soft drinks producers to cater to their changing needs such as low calorie drinks, flavoured diet drinks and the new wave choices for fruit juices and bottled water. Threats of entry As a result of the high level of substitution, the soft drinks industry is not only threatened by the entry of carbonated category but also from others such as hot drinks, fruit juice makers, yoghurt and bottled water producers. A new category entry to the current categories is energy drinks which have perked the interests of athletes and young consumers. This is evident from the replacement of Sunny Delight by Red Bull (Britvic Soft Drinks Category Report 2003). Suppliers power One of the most important aspects of the soft drinks operation is its bottling. The associated bottling industry is considered to have significant power over the soft drinks syrup industry. It tends to affect the soft drink manufacturers in terms of agreements for retailing, distribution and area growth. Analysis of Key Activities CCGBs is perceived to be a successful industry leader with high volume growth in the carbonated as well as still drinks category. It heads up the brands it produces. It is continuously innovating brands with recent inclusions like Diet Coke with Lemon/Vanilla, Coke Zero, Sprite 3G, Lilt, Five Alive, Coca-Cola Cherry and its premium juice brand Oasis Fusion (Production problems delay 2005; Britvic Soft Drinks Category Report 2003; Coca-Cola Adds New 2005). The company is also actively engaged in marketing campaigns that is based on the concept of think global, act local. Successful campaigns include I Wish in 2004 created in the UK and exported to other markets (Brandfame: Coca-Cola 2005); and digital media through its iCoke campaign (Coca-Cola adds new strand 2005); CCE the foundation to the companys success on the other hand have been observed to have faced problems with smaller bottlers who supply to the company to meet market demand. Working in conjunction with a supply chain that has its own cultures, processes and ways of doing thing is difficult as it means trying to improve the efficiency of bottlers in order to respond to the consumers (Theodore 2005). Competencies and competitiveness CCGBs most competitive competency is perhaps its Coca-Cola system that innovates constantly to keep up with the business trend and consumer needs. CCGBs supply chain is consistent with the parent company which has spent much of its time in creating strategic alliances and product extensions and packaging to continue to sustain the interests of niche markets (Theodore 2005; Britvic Soft Drinks Category Report 2003). Comparisons Despite these facts it is Pepsi which gain through double digit growth in value and in volume as compared to CCGBs performance. Although Coca-Cola may boost its sales with every new product launch the fact remains that these new brand launches do not help it sustain growth rate. For this reason the shelf life for Coke products is slowly decreasing to be replaced by Pepsi and Robinsons two of its rivals in the UK soft drink industry (Britvic Soft Drinks Category Report 2003). Positioning Fizzy drinks sales according to the survey by Britvic Soft Drinks Category Report (2003) have started to dwindle to be replaced by still drinks such as fruit juices accounting for 75 percent of the UK household drinks consumption. This therefore has positioned the soft drinks company like Coca-Cola to the third subcategory instead of the first. Critical Success Factors Coca-Cola however, has an upper hand over its rivals such as Robinsons which focuses on fruit juices as well as PepsiCo which focuses on the young generation soft drink consumers. Coca-Cola through its product extensions have access to both type of consumers as well as many in between such as health conscious women and children, young individuals, working individuals as well as sports athletes etc. This deep penetration into the various market categories not only places CCGB at a critical strategic position but also allows it to explore niches within them. Apart from the above, CCGB along with its parent company have sustained its supply chain by forming strategic alliances with the local bottlers which rivals put in the secondary category of business strategy. Bottlers as mentioned earlier, play an important role in dictating the flow of distribution as well as allow the company to become responsive to consumer needs. Given the above discussion it is concluded that the compa ny is expected to grow in the next five years albeit at a slower rate as compared to rivals such as PepsiCo. To resolve it needs to take the following steps: Direct its strategy towards branding by concentrating its campaign towards younger generation who are brand conscious and the major soft drinks drinkers. Even they too are becoming health conscious which is the more reason why Coca-Cola should follow its competitors suit by capturing the young crowd to dominate its products (Vignali 2001). Once established, it should concentrate on maintaining a consumer base to sustain growth in the long term (Lynch 2005; Thomson 2005). Secondly, CCGB should also concentrate on product innovation as it can be observed the environmental change, legal mandates and social change are directing the flow of the soft drink industry towards healthier diet and liquid in-take (Lynch 2005; Thomason 2005). Diversification to hot drinks and such other substitutes would prevent the company from produc ts dying out due to maturity in the market. To sustain, products flavouring strategies would no longer help as this is only for short term satisfaction for the consumers. Lastly, CCGB should try and explore what is essentially important to the British culture. Uniqueness in product differentiation can be created through this aspect. Thompson, J. L. 2005, Strategic Management: Awareness, Analysis and Change, Thomson Learning. Vignali, C. 2001, Virgin Cola, British Food Journal, Vol. 103, No. 2, p. 131-145. Author not available, Oct 2005, Business: In hot water; Coca-Cola, The Economist. London: Vol.377, Iss. 8447; pg. 78 Theodore, S. Oct 2005, Playing to win, Beverage Industry. New York: Vol.96, Iss. 10; pg. 28. Author not available, Sep 2005, Brandfame: Coca-Cola. Marketing. London: pg. S18. Author not available, Jul 28, 2005, Coca-Cola adds new strand to Zero brand to reach youngsters, New Media Age. London: pg. 3. Author not available, Jul 7, 2005, Producti on problems delay launch of Oasis fruit juice, Marketing Week. London: pg. 6 Author not available, 2003, Britvic Soft Drinks Category Report 2003, Online accessed on 30-11-2005 available at: https://www.britvic.com/NR/rdonlyres/eplx7e5fmarisw473ahhvfwuvnmf5fitybfzvt23molleocuamqyuxbz5ikbtlqu5rrg2lti2zj5olkmzitf2qm7xgf/category+report+2003.pdf Author not available, 2004, Company Background: Coca-Cola Great Britain. Canadean. Author not available, 2005, Company Structure, Coca-Cola Great Britain Website, Online accessed on 30-11-2005 available at: https://www.coca-cola.co.uk/citizenship/about_us/cocacolaenterprises.html Author not available, 2005, Industry Statistics Food and Drink Federation. Author not available, 2004, 2004 sales à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Armageddonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Euro Monitor, Online accessed on 30-11-2005 available at: https://www.euromonitor.com/Softdrinks Author not available, 2005, British Soft Drinks Association Annual Report 2004-2005, Online access ed on 30-11-2005 available at: https://www.britishsoftdrinks.com/htm/sv/PDFs/AnnualReport2005.pdf Lynch, R. 2005, Corporate Strategy. Prentice Hall. Soft drinks range comprise of: Carbonated drinks 46% Still and dilutable drinks 29% Bottled waters 15% Fruit juices/nectars 10% And classified according to balance diet as: Regular 27% Low/zero calorie 49% Bottled water 15% Fruit juices 9% Source: British Soft Drink Association Source: Britvic Soft Drink Category Report 2003 Source: Britvic Soft Drink Category Report 2003 Source: Britvic Soft Drink Category Report 2003 Source: Britvic Soft Drink Category Report 2003

Politics of leadership in a global economy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2589 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The main objective of this paper is 2008 annual report analysis of Mc Graw-Hill companies. Education segment, information Media and financial services are operated by Mc Graw-Hill companies. Annual report cover page photo describes their three business segments with motivation quote that is Managing for today // Preparing for tomorrow. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Politics of leadership in a global economy" essay for you Create order CEO letter describes their business segments mission, vision past performance, future prospects, products and customers and causes to decline profits, strategies for generating effective results and what changes they are going to achieving goals. Annual report well organized with some photographs, these photographs says importance of their business segments and how these segments helpful to people. Balance sheet shows financial health and operating performance of company. Its includes amount of profits and cash flows, these are related to stockholders equity, resources and revenue. In balance sheet they are clearly mentioned their profits, liabilities, assets. Stockholders creditors debtors stakeholders employees customers everybody can understand balance sheet very easily. Shareholders earned $2.51 per share in year 2008. Company returned over $5.5 billion to share holders since 1996. Management team discussed company issues, strategies and medical dental and life insurance benefits for retired employees. Management discussions also included considerable amount of information about company future and each segment achievements. Company internal accounting staff produced all financial statements in a good manner. These financial statements audited by their internal auditors. Finally annual report briefly says financial condition, performance, and strategies. OVERVIEW The McGraw-Hill Companies Founded by James H. Mc Graw and John A. Hill. James H. Mc Graw began working in publishing in 1884. At the same time co-founder John A. Hill was working as an editor at locomotive engineer. These two persons started their own publications under the headings of Mc Graw publishing companyandHill Publication Company in 1902. The two men crossed the path over the years and their mutual interest in science and technology. These two book departments of two publishing companies merged to form the Mc Graw-Hill Company in year 1909. Mc Graw-Hill Companies operates three leading business segments across the 40 countries. Those are financial services, education and information and media. The corporation offers an array of trusted, market leading brands that address three enduring global needs the need for capital, the need for knowledge and the need for transparency. Mc Graw-Hill Corporation has more than 280 offices across the world. Sales in 2008 were $6.4 billion. From traditional learning materials to online learning solutions, Mc Graw Hill education is a leader across the education market. The company and its educational publishing segment continued to expand their branches across the world since 20th century. It has offices in 33 countries and it publishes in more than 60 different languages throughout the world. Poors publication company established in 1860. In 1906 standard statistics bureau was formed to provide past unavailable financial data on United states companies. In 1941 poor publishing standard statistics companies merged to form standard poors corporation. Mc Graw-hill companies Inc. acquired standard poors in year 1966.. The Financial Services consists of two operating groups, Credit Market Services and Investment Services. KEY IDEAS McGraw-Hill higher education partners with The NewYork times to add timely, Relevant and real world content to textbooks and related web sites to provide more Information, value and service to professors and students. In 1950s education segment started to provide modern information technology at the K-12 levels in United States of America and Canada. McGraw-Hill collaborates with different kind of companies across the World. They are committed to reaching open markets wherever it may be. They are driving a new digital evolution and, they are dedicated to developing and retaining the right talent to lead this process. They are recognizing the development and integration of the latest technologies and products into our already content- rich information structure is a way to create and deliver immediate results for our customers throughout the world. The most success key factor of McGraw-Hill Companies is, they are leveraging new technologies to create new solutions. Mc Graw- Hill professional talent is their most valuable resource. It enables them to be a market leader and provides highly valued services and information to the world. Therefore, they are invites exceptional individuals to make a difference with a company that sets the standard for excellence and helps the open markets of the world perform to their potential. Standard Poors investment advisory group was created solely to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the investment management and advisory marketplace. Clients receive portfolio strategy, fund research and asset allocation services encompassing the wide range of Standard Poors analysis and tools, including our ranking methodologies. Finally, Standard Poors provides the analysis research and advice that help make clients feel more confident about their investment decisions. PERSPECTIVE An Annual Report provides a detailed look at the financial results for the prior twelve months of operations. Reporting requirements vary by country, but Mc Graw-Hill annual report includes: Chairmans Statement, Income Statement, Cash Flow Statement, Balance Sheet, Notes to the Accounts, Auditors Report and comparisons charts for last 10 years financial reports. My initial impression about this annual report is they are explained honestly about their financial statements. In CEO letter he said very clearly about profits and losses. He covers in letter reasons to decline profits compared to prior year and future strategies to overcome these bad days. I Mcgraw Hill 2008 annual report was really helpful for the people to know the current status of operations and financial status. While my reading of this report I was impressed about way of presenting financial report and first page of report displays 2008 financial status with photographs. They are clearly explained company oper ated sales compared with prior year. It has explained the best reasons behind the success. Financial report is well organized and the report divided into sections, as 10 year summary, stock performance graph, statement of income, statement of cash flow, balance sheet, statement of shareholders. So, it is easy to find the required information. Organization of this report make it is to read everyone. CEOs letter is appropriately balanced with graphs and photographs which is related to the text. It shows last ten years revenues, cash generated by operations and cash returned to share holders. The body of the CEO letter is clearly written with confident tone. I believe this is appropriate letter to target audience. In Annual report they didnt balance the text with graphs, photographs. But they are used so many tables for explaining financial conditions with balance sheet, share holders equity and cash flow etc. They have to use more graphs and photographs in report. Comparison tables show financial status of last two years. I think comparisons charts average reader can understand easily McGraw Hill financial information. In my point of view annual report they are organized very well. It contains very important information about the company. Data useful for everybody like customers, shareholders, stakeholders, employees. Students also can learn so many things from this by studying annual report. I learned some important things about companys annual reports from this project. Main thing I knew how to prepare balance sheet for the company. In annual report the main portion is management discussions; it shows companys future plans to get effective results. Average reader also can understand the Mc Graw-hill 2008 annual report. LEVEL 1 ANALYSYS McGraw-Hill Education revenue and operating profit declined 17.2% and 70.1%, respectively, primarily due to softness at School Education Group partially offset by an increase in revenue at Higher Education. In 2008, revenue and operating profit decreased due to declines at the Financial Services and the McGraw-Hill Education segments. COMPARISON TABLE OF FINANCIAL REVIEWS 2008 2007 Operating Results by Segment and Income Statistics Revenue McGraw-Hill Education $2,638,893 $2,705,831 Financial Services 2,654,287 3,046,229 Information Media 1,061,875 1,020,221 Total Revenue 6,355,055 6,772,281 Operating Profit McGraw-Hill Education 316,454 399,990 Financial Services 1,055,427 1,359,477 Information Media 92,051 63,467 Operating Profit 1,463,932 1,822,934 General corporate (expense)/income (109,122) (159,821) Interest expense net (75,624) (40,581) Income from Continuing Operational Before 1,279,186 1,622,532 Income Tax Provision for taxes on income 479,695 608,973 Income from Continuing Operations Before 799,491 1,013,559 Extraordinary Item and Cumulative Adjustment Discontinued Operations: Net (loss)/earnings from discontinued operations Income before Extraordinary Item and Cumulative 799,491 1,013,559 Adjustment Early extinguishment of debt.net of tax Cumulative effect on prior years of changes in accounting Net Income $ 799,491 $1,013,559 Basic Earnings per Share Income from continuing operations before extraordinary $ 2.53 $ 3.01 Item and cumulative adjustment Discontinued operations Income before extraordinary item and cumulative adjustment $ 2.53 $ 3.01 Extraordinary item and cumulative adjustment Net income Diluted Earnings per Share Income from continuing operations before extraordinary item $ 2.51 $ 2.94 And cumulative adjustment Discontinued operations Income before extraordinary item and cumulative adjustment $ 2.51 $ 2.94 Extraordinary item and cumulative adjustment Net income $ 2.51 $ 2.94 Dividends per share of common stock $ 0.88 $ 0.82 Operating Statistics Return on average shareholders equity 55.3% 47.3% Income from continuing operations before taxes as a percent 20.1% 24.0% Of revenue Income before extraordinary item and cumulative adjustment 12.6% 15.0% As a percent of revenue Balance Sheet Data Working capital $ (227,980) $ (314,558) Total assets $6,080,142 $6,391,376 Total debt $1,267,633 $1,197,447 Shareholders equity $1,282,336 $1,606,650 Number of Employees 21,649 21,171 I observed financial reviews of last two years in above table. It shows everything about Mc Graw-hills financial department. In 2008 everything slightly declined compared to prior year, because everybody knows last year will long be remembered as one of the most difficult year that every company has faced problems due to financial recession effect. Financial reviews representing the company financial health and operating performance. Mc Graw-hill company Balance sheet dated as of 31st December 2008. I noticed that its providing comparable figures of 31st December 2007. This comparisons was helped me a lot to analyzing the information about company financial status. I think previous years results also essential for understanding and analyzing the information. Revenue for Education segmen t in 2008 decreased by 2.5% to $2.6 billion compared to prior year. School Education group revenue declined by 5.4% to $1.4 billion in 2008. Higher education group revenue increased by 0.9% to $1.3 billion Basic earnings per share 48 cents decreased in 2008 compared to the 2007. Standard Poors Credit Market Services providing important data and global standards about company that help investors to access capital and foster economic growth. SP is the global leader in credit ratings in 2008. SP was published more than 1 million new and revised ratings and rated approximately $2.8 trillion in new debt. 22.5% of total revenue declined in 2008 compared to the last year. Assets of Mc Graw-hills decreased in year 2008 at the same time liabilities increased, operating profit and revenue as well. These things are not a problem for this company. I think it can easily recover as soon as possible. McGraw-Hill Education International includes businesses in Asia, Australia, Canada, Europe, In dia, and Latin America. More than half of McGraw-Hill Educations revenues come from its School Education Group, the remainder comes from its Higher Education, Professional, and International Group. They are decided to make progress in construction. The electronic delivery of their information is a critical part of the transition and is continuing to produce an increasing share of McGraw-Hill Constructions revenue. Finally In my point of view current environment, Mc Graw-hills remain focused on managing costs and Maintaining liquidity and increased efficiency and reduced redundancies in 2008 and its providing quality of Education for International Students and providing good financial services right time to right company. RESEARCH FINDINGS In early periods (starting stage) Mc Graw-Hill Company focused on developing of different specialties business, management and social sciences, adding to its core strengths in engineering and medical. McGraw-Hill publications built on more than 100 years ago. Innovation, trust and leadership were helped them to their extraordinary success in publication industry. The McGraw-Hill Education segment is one of the premier educational publishers. This segment operates two groups, that is School Education Group and Higher education group. Elementary and high school market comes under school education group and college and university, professional and educational market comes under higher education group. Its resources are delivered across a wide range of print and digital platforms to benefit students, educators and professionals at all levels of learning. in 2008. Financial Services segment operates under the Standard Poors brand. Financial segment provides services to different kind of corporations, such as governments, financial institutions, investment managers and advisors globally. It serves based on interest rates, credit quality and investor confidence The corporation is applying for Leadership Energy and Environmental Design certification, a nationally recognized benchmark for high-performance green buildings, for its higher-education offices. By 2010, the value of the residential green building marketplace is expected to boost its market share from $7.4 billion and 2 percent of housing starts in 2006 to $19 billion to $38 billion and 5 to 10 percent of residential construction activity, according to a National Association of Home Builders survey. While McGraw-Hill and others say green building is good business, in growing green consciousness of the consumer, marketing experts say promoting green building is even better business. The major findings in the study included Green healthcare facilities reduce energy use, thus reducing green house gasses and improving air quality. 47% of respondents said that patient recovery time is reduced in green building other benefits include lower operating costs, greater innovation and public relations benefits. The survey clearly shows that there is an increasing trend toward building green healthcare facilities. Of the survey respondents, 19% said they expect that their organization will be significantly involved with green building in 2008. LEVEL 2 ANALYSIS They are focusing on three core values in education field; those are innovation, success and learning, customer focus. They are constantly looking at new ways to improve learning and help people become more productive and efficient in rapidly changing markets. They are focused on helping students of all ages succeed with their proven solutions. They are committed to providing superior customer service and providing solutions to meet every teaching and learning need. McGraw-Hill Education is an innovative global leader in high-quality teaching and learning solutions.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   They are helping to improve the worlds prospects by providing individuals vital knowledge to enable them to reach their full potential.   McGraw-Hill Education is where the world learns to succeed. Standard Poors, the worlds foremost provider of financial market intelligence, provides rigorous, independent analysis, and information on stocks, bonds, mutual funds and many other complex inv estment vehicles. The critical thinking, opinions, news and data offered by Standard Poors are an integral part of the global financial infrastructure. The companys Education segment, while not as profitable as SP, enjoys the bulk of a moderately lucrative $800 million textbook publishing industry. With high school and college enrollment rates increasing, McGraw-Hill stands to benefit from long-term societal trends toward higher education, though it is subject to short-term changes in state-wide book adoption rates. The Financial Services segment through Standard Poors credit rating service 41% market share and the Education segment through McGraw-Hills educational publishing of textbooks 35% market share. Education segment McGraw-Hills most profitable segment, Financial Services, enjoys several tailwinds and competitive advantages through its operations as Standard Poors, including increasingly large and complex worldwide capital markets in which market participants demand trusted, reliable, distilled information and ratings on trillions of dollars worth of securities and financial obligation. CONCLUSION The management team constantly finds innovative ways to satisfy the customers. The McGraw-Hill Companies Reports 2008 Earnings Per Share of $2.51, Including $0.14 Restructuring Charge McGraw-hill returned over $5.5 billion to the shareholders since 1996, I think thats pretty good. McGraw-hills 52 week low were $17.15 per share and 52 week high was $37.96. Currently, McGraw-Hills share is worth $25.21 which shows that it is closer to its 52 week high. The reasons to buy the McGraw hill shares, its a one stop shop to understand the company and we can Identify prospective partners and suppliers with key data on their businesses and locations. So I would like to buy shares of McGraw-hills companies and also I am recommending others, who is going to invest money in stock market.

The Career Path For Criminology - 920 Words

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